And in 1816, Auguste Chouteau writes: “[O]f the once great & powerful nation of Illinois, there remains ... only about Seventy persons including Men, Women & Children near Kaskaskias, and a few Straggling Peorias about St. Genevieve.”
By 1832, when the Illinois cede the last of their lands to the United States, all that remains is a single village with fewer than 300 people.